The arteries that deliver the blood become scarred and less elastic. High blood pressure causes the heart to work harder to pump nutrient- and oxygen-rich blood to the body. Why is a healthy blood pressure important? People who already had high blood pressure had the largest decrease in blood pressure. However, the less salt people consumed, the greater the decrease in blood pressure. Blood pressure was lower for everyone on the DASH diet. In the DASH-Sodium study, participants were given one of three sodium plans: the DASH diet with 3,300 mg of sodium per day (a normal amount for many North Americans) 2,300 mg of sodium (a moderately restricted amount) or 1,500 mg of sodium (a more restricted amount, about 2/3 of a teaspoon of salt). Not only was blood pressure reduced, but total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or "bad cholesterol" were lower, too. The DASH diet had the greatest effect on blood pressure, lowering levels within two weeks of starting the plan. The diet higher in vegetables and fruit and the DASH diet both reduced blood pressure. In the DASH study, people were given one of three eating plans: a plan similar in nutrients to what most North Americans eat the same plan but with extra vegetables and fruit or the DASH diet, which is rich in vegetables, fruit and low-fat dairy foods and lower in saturated fat, total fat and cholesterol.
The Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension (DASH Diet) is based on two studies, DASH and DASH-Sodium, that looked at ways of reducing blood pressure through changes in diet.
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